The network of trackside sensing systems that monitor trains as they pass, including hot box detectors, dragging equipment detectors, wheel impact load detectors, and machine vision systems. Data from wayside detectors is transmitted in real time to dispatching centers and maintenance systems. Wayside detection is a foundational layer of railroad safety and car health monitoring.
A wayside infrared sensing device that measures the temperature of passing railcar journal bearings and alerts dispatchers when a bearing is overheating (a condition called a hot box), which can lead to a bearing failure and derailment. Hot box detectors are spaced at regular intervals along mainlines and are a primary defense against bearing-related derailments. A positive detection triggers a mandatory train stop and inspection.
A wayside device installed between the rails that is triggered when an object hanging below a passing car contacts it, alerting dispatchers to a potential dragging equipment condition such as a broken brake rod, loose air hose, or fallen lading. Dragging equipment can cause derailments, track damage, and grade crossing accidents. Detection triggers an immediate train stop for inspection.
A general term for any wayside device that monitors passing trains for mechanical defects including hot bearings, dragging equipment, shifted loads, broken wheels, and wheel impact loads. Modern defect detectors transmit data in real time to dispatching centers and maintenance databases. A network of detectors provides continuous surveillance of the entire train as it moves through the system.
The use of onboard sensors and wayside detectors to continuously assess the mechanical condition of railcars, detecting developing faults such as bearing degradation, wheel flat spots, and brake issues before they cause failures. Car health data is integrated with maintenance planning systems to enable predictive maintenance. It reduces bad-order rates and unplanned service interruptions.
A system of passive RFID tags mounted on every railcar and locomotive and read by wayside readers at strategic locations throughout the network, automatically recording the car number, direction, and time of passage. AEI data is the backbone of real-time car location and train tracking for both operational and customer visibility purposes. The system was mandated by the FRA and deployed network-wide in the 1990s.